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Vol.4, No.2, 2025: pp.45-58
RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN NANOSCALE MATERIALS FROM BIOMASS WASTE DEMONSTRATE EFFICACY IN REMOVING HEAVY METAL IONS FROM WATER
Authors:
Mohamed Farouz1
, Mohamed Okil1
, Ayman M. Mostafa2
, Mohamed M ElFaham1
1Basic Engineering Sciences Department, Benha Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, Egypt
2Department of Physics, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah, Qassim City, 51452, Saudi Arabia
Received: 6 April 2025
Revised: 15 May 2025
Accepted: 2 June 2025
Published: 30 June 2025
Abstract:
High concentrations of heavy metal ions pose several risks to aquatic habitats, primarily from industrial manufacturing and agricultural activities. Some metals, like Fe²⁺and Ni²⁺, are known to be hazardous to human health if taken internally or inhaled. This work covalently grafted pomegranate peel nanoparticles (PGNS), a green adsorbent with a size of about 45-60 nm, for removing heavy metals from water. The PGNS was analyzed using zeta size and zeta potential determination, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface morphology, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The study also showed that through the development of PGNS, the surface area of the peel increased by 0.5163 m² and the pore diameter by 11.8409 nm compared to raw pomegranate peel (PG). The adsorption efficiency of the synthesized material, PGNS, was studied for removing Fe²⁺ and Ni²⁺ from aqueous media. The outcomes showed that the PGNS obtained high removal efficiencies of 85% for Fe²⁺ and 83% for Ni²⁺ compared to raw PG biomass. The study presents PGNS as a feasible and efficient technology for heavy metal removal and indicates the prospects of developing it as an efficient approach to solving problems of agricultural waste management and water pollution. The research emphasizes that the adsorbent derived from pomegranate peel is effective in treating wastewater, as it is economical, environmentally friendly, and easy to manufacture, due to its simple and benign synthesis methods.
Keywords:
Eco-friendly nanomaterial, Pomegranate peel, Pomegranate peel nanoparticles, Water treatment, Agricultural waste, Water pollution
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© 2025 by the authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Volume 5
Number 1
March 2026.
How to Cite
M. Farouz, M. Okil, A.M. Mostafa, M.M. ElFaham, Recent Advancements in Nanoscale Materials From Biomass Waste Demonstrate Efficacy in Removing Heavy Metal Ions From Water. Advanced Engineering Letters, 4(2), 2025: 45-58.
https://doi.org/10.46793/adeletters.2025.4.2.1
More Citation Formats
Farouz, M., Okil, M., Mostafa, A.M., & ElFaham, M.M. (2025). Recent Advancements in Nanoscale Materials From Biomass Waste Demonstrate Efficacy in Removing Heavy Metal Ions From Water. Advanced Engineering Letters, 4(2), 45-58.
https://doi.org/10.46793/adeletters.2025.4.2.1
Farouz, Mohamed, et al. “Recent Advancements in Nanoscale Materials From Biomass Waste Demonstrate Efficacy in Removing Heavy Metal Ions From Water.“ Advanced Engineering Letters, vol. 4, no. 2, 2025, pp. 45-58.
https://doi.org/10.46793/adeletters.2025.4.2.1
Farouz, Mohamed, Mohamed Okil, Ayman M. Mostafa, and Mohamed M ElFaham. 2025. “Recent Advancements in Nanoscale Materials From Biomass Waste Demonstrate Efficacy in Removing Heavy Metal Ions From Water.“ Advanced Engineering Letters, 4 (2): 45-58.
https://doi.org/10.46793/adeletters.2025.4.2.1
Farouz, M., Okil, M., Mostafa, A.M., and ElFaham, M.M. (2025). Recent Advancements in Nanoscale Materials From Biomass Waste Demonstrate Efficacy in Removing Heavy Metal Ions From Water. Advanced Engineering Letters, 4(2), pp. 45-58.
doi: 10.46793/adeletters.2025.4.2.1.